their livelihoods. Somalia has one natural gas field with resources in the order of 6 billion m3 but exploitation and further exploration has been discontinued until the political and economic situation returns to some semblance of normality

Borama (Sunatimes) Abasa Abasa Ruin(s) is drawn on the Nationala Geospatial Agency (NGA) Map. Abasa is located in the Awdal Area of the Country of Somalia. The Ruin(s) is located at the latitude and longitude coordinates of 10.116667 and 43.083333.
Mining Annual Review 2000 ? The Mining Journal Ltd 2000 Somalia 1 SOMALIA By Bob Foster and Alexandra Harrison omalia is one of the world.s poorest countries. Forming the Horn of Africa and separating Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Kenya from the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, the country has been bedevilled by almost total anarchy since the collapse of the Somali State in 1991. Internal divisions between clan-based militias, conflict with Ethiopia, and a fickle climate have all devastated the country in recent years. Reliable economic indicators are unavailable but best estimates are that the population of almost nine million people generates a GDP of about US$8-9 billion, primarily from agricultural products. Some 70% of the population are nomads who depend on subsistence farming for

their livelihoods. Somalia has one natural gas field with resources in the order of 6 billion m3 but exploitation and further exploration has been discontinued until the political and economic situation returns to some semblance of normality. The country.s only oil refinery has a nominal capacity of 10,000 bbl/d but has been inactive for some years. The country has a fledgling mining industry, with limestone, gypsum, sepiolite and sea salt being exploited until the outbreak of hostilities. A much wider potential for other mineral products also exists, given the opportunity for methodical exploration and evaluation. The most important regions are the older crystalline basement rocks, which occur in two regions . the .Northern Somali Basement. extending across northern Somalia from the Ethiopian border eastwards beyond Berbera; and the .Bur Basement. west of Mogadishu in the southern part of the country. In the Bur Basement, the more important occurrences are ferruginous quartzites and phosphate-bearing marbles. Of the iron deposits, the Bur Galan occurrence has an indicated resource of 394 Mt at 38.2 % Fe and the Dahimir

body contains a reportedly .economically workable. resource of 31 Mt at 35-40 % Fe. The latter deposit also contains indications of slight gold enrichment (45-90 ppb). Apatite occurrences in calc-silicate rocks of the region are relatively widespread and the Modu-Modu deposit has been identified as containing an average of 24 % P2O5. The potential in the Northern Somali Basement is probably greater and mirrors recent exploration interest in the same complex Archaean — Pan- African terranes across the Gulf of Aden in the Yemen, where greenstone-belt assemblages and younger volcanic-arc sequences are being targeted. Copper-bearing quartzites have been reported at Bohl and near the Abasa River, south of Bawn. Polymetallic base metal deposits, presumed to be stratiform exhalative by investigators, have been identified in carbonatedominated sedimentary sequences north of Arapsiyo and in the late-Proterozoic Abdul Qadr meta-rhyolitic complex and adjacent volcanosedimentary sequences. Gold contents of up to

13.5 ppm have been reported in the Arapsiyo sulphide deposits. Gold enrichments reported in .kyanite-rich quartz-muscovite schists. in the western part of the basement complex also merit evaluation and possible re-interpretation. Other mineral occurrences of interest in the Northern Somali Basement include disseminated and vein enrichments of molybdenum and bismuth associated with intrusive syenites and minor carbonatites, and gold-quartz veins more commonly linked to younger Pan-African granites. Anomalous concentrations of platinum (160-910 ppb) have previously been reported from stream sediments adjacent to the Hamar Gabbro and gabbro-dominated Barkasan-